International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is a U.S.-based technology company operating in the Information Technology Services and Enterprise Software industry. Founded in the early 20th century and headquartered in Armonk, New York, IBM is a long-standing provider of enterprise computing and digital transformation solutions.

IBM delivers products and services centered on data management, hybrid cloud, artificial intelligence, and IT consulting.

Its operations are organized into four main segments:

• Consulting: Digital transformation, technology integration, and industry-specific advisory services.

• Hybrid Cloud and Infrastructure: Enterprise cloud solutions, mainframes, servers, and storage systems.

• Software and AI: Automation, cybersecurity, data platforms, and AI-powered solutions.

• Mission-Critical Systems: High-performance computing infrastructure for large enterprises and government clients.

IBM operates in more than 170 countries through subsidiaries, research centers, and strategic partnerships. Its business model increasingly emphasizes recurring software and consulting revenue.

IBM shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker IBM.

History and Development

IBM originated in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR), a manufacturer of tabulating machines and office equipment.

In the 1920s, it adopted the name International Business Machines, marking its expansion into global markets.

During the mid-20th century, IBM became a dominant force in computing, particularly with the development of mainframe systems that set industry standards for decades.

In the 2000s, IBM shifted its focus from personal computing hardware toward IT services, enterprise software, and consulting. The divestiture of its PC division and later strategic restructuring reinforced this transition.

In recent years, IBM has prioritized hybrid cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and automation. The spin-off of its managed infrastructure services unit further streamlined its structure to concentrate on software and cloud-driven growth.

Today, IBM positions itself as a global enterprise technology provider focused on hybrid cloud, AI, and mission-critical IT solutions.

Additional Information

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES (United States) is listed on the NYSE and has a market capitalization of $222.12 billion, with shareholders equity totaling $34.54 billion.

The company employs approximately 380.000 people and operates in the Technology sector, within the Computer Services industry.

Over the past 12 months, INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES reported $69.10 billion in revenue, generating net income of $10.73 billion.

Key financial metrics include a P/E ratio of 20.71, a price-to-book (P/B) ratio of 6.43, and a trailing twelve-month dividend yield of 2.85%.

The company trades under the ticker IBM.